Speed control governor



sheets-sheet 1 m N R 0 I A iiiiii INVENTOR' R. A. WYATT SPEED CONTROL GOVERNOR July 10, 1945.

Fild Nov. 25 1942 Wa y/772174 fl WydZZ July10,1 945 R. A. WYATT 2,379,945

- SPEED CONTROL GOVERNOR Filed Nov. 25. 1942 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 5 t T- ATTORNEYS.

Patented July 10, 1945 srann comer. Govannoa Raymond A. Wyatt, Detroit, Mlcln, assignor to Briggs Manufacturing Company, Detroit, Mioln, a corporation of Michigan Application November 25, 1942, Serial No. 468,850

11 Claims.

This invention relates to governors for controlling the speed of internal combustion engines, an object of the invention being to provide an improved governor of the centrifugal control type for maintaining a substantially constant speed of the engine within predetermined allowable limits in accordance with the setting of the governor.

A further object of the invention is to provide an improved governing mechanism having a hydraulic pressure actuated member, such as an oscillatable vane, for positively controlling the position of the engine throttle valve, and centrifugally operated means for actuating a valve device effective to vary the hydraulic pressure at opposite sides of the member or vane.

Another object of the invention is to provide an improved governing mechanism for an internal combustion engine in which the position of the throttle valve oi the engine is governed within set limits by hydraulic pressure and in which the direction of the pressure to shift the throttle valve in one direction or the other is controlled by a centriiugally operated valve mechanism.

Still a iurther object of the invention is to provide an improved speed control governor for an internal combustion-engine having a vane or the like attached to the throttle valve shaft and oscillatable within a closed chamber subject to hydraulic pressure at either side oi the vane, and in which the pressure is directed selectively to opposite sides or the vane by a valve mechanism controlled by a centrlfugally operated device.

Other objects of this invention will appear in the following description andappended claims, reference being had to the accompanying drawings forming a part oi this specification wherein like reference characters designate corresponding parts in the several views.

Fig. l is a side elevation of a governing mechanism embodying the present invention.

Fin. 2 is a section taken substantially through lines 2-2 of Fig. 1 looking in the direction of the arrows.

Fig. s is on end view oi the governor housing proper locmng in the direction or the arrow 3 mmni.

an. a n a section taken substantially through lines 6-8 of Fig. 3 looking in the direction of the arrows.

Before explaining in detail the present invention it is to be understood that the invention is not limited in its application to the details of construction and arrangement of part illustrated in the accompanying drawings, since the invention is capable of other embodiments and of bein practicedor carried out in various ways. Also it is -to be understood that the phraseology or terminology employed herein isfor the purpose of description and not of limitation.

in the drawings there is illustrated, by way of example, one embodiment of a speed control governor constructed in accordance with the present invention. As previously stated, the governor is particularly intended for the purpose of 25 intake conduit leading from the carburetor (not it within the chamber is within the limits clearly shown) to the engine manifold, also not shown. The throttle valve housing Ill may be secured by means of bolts M to the carburetor casing and by bolts i3 either to the supercharger casing or to the engine manifold. Journalled within the housing in is a throttle valve shaft H to which is secured a butterfly throttle valve b oscillatable by means of the shaft H to control the flow ofcillatable vane 98. This vane is fastened to the shaft extension its and is adapted to be swung indicated in Fin. 1.

The oaclllatabie control vane v is for the buttardy valve lib is hydraulically actuated. Accordinsly. a pressure conduit 2! in the form of a unsetint Fisklnginthedimctionor Mi m oxtubeisconnectedat lltothevanecasthe arrows.

Fig. o is a section taken substantially through lines as of Fig. 4 looking in the direction of the arrows.

Fig. 6 is a section taken substantially through ing it and communicates through a duct or passage 22 with the interior of the casing II at one side of the vane II, in this instance the lefthand side in Fig. l. A second pressure conduit 23 is connected at II to the casing l6 and wwwfluid under pressure.

'cates through a duct or passage 25 with the interior of the casing l5 at the opposite side of the vane I9, in this instance the righthand side in Fig. 1.

The control mechanism of the governor comprises a. separate unit connected by means of the conduits and 23 to the casing |5. This control unit comprisesa housing or casing 25 in the form of two parts bolted together at 2'l.

Suitably journalled within the casing 26 is a rotatable shaft 28 driven from the crankshaft of the engine. Slidingly mounted on the shaft 28 is a bearing 29 engaged at one end by a yoke 30 secured to a rock shaft 3| journalled in suitable bearings within the casing. Depending from the yoke 30 are a pair of spaced forks 32 and 32a. The fork 32 embraces a reduced portion of a slide valve 33. This valve is provided with three communicates with a tapped hole in the boss 25c within which is threaded a nipple 4| to which is. connected a pipe-line 42 leading to a hydraulic pressure pump (not shown) driven from the engine drive shaft.

From this construction it will be seen that oil underpressure from the hydraulic pump may be forced through the conduit or pipe-line 42 and the nipple 4| and thence through the port into the-cylindrical chamber or bore 31 of the valve mechanism; The conduit 20 is connected to the boss 26a. by a coupling 43 and communicates with the bore or chamber 31 by a duct 44. In like manner, the conduit 23 is connected to the boss by a coupling 45 and communicates with the chamber or bore 31. by means of a duct 46. Leading from the bore 31 are two spaced passages 47] and 48 which communicate with a hole or passage 49 forming the return line of the oil to the engine crankcase.

The fork 32a, depending from the yoke 30, em-

' braces a rod or plunger 50 in position to engage the headed end We of this plunger, see Figs. 5

'and 6. The plunger 50 is slidable within a champression' spring 55, the oppositeend of the spring bottoming against the inner end of the chamber 5|. The nut. 54 may be adjusted along the length of the plunger or rod 50 to vary the initial setting of the spring 55 thereby varying the deflection rate of the spring. Thus, the adjustable nut or collar 54 permits adjustment of the speed setting of thespring so that the speed range of the governor may be correspondingly varied.

The thrust bearing 29 is shiftable' in one direction on the shaft 28 against the action of the spring 55 by means of a plurality of fly weights or inertia members 60, two being illustrated in the present instance. Each of the inertiamembers is pivotaily or oscillatably mounted upon a pin 56 secured to a. bracket 51 rigidly securedto the shaft 28, the bracket 51 rotating with the shaft and hence causing the weights or inertia members ill to rotate about and in spaced 1' 1.

tion to the axis of the shaft 28. The inertia members 50 are provided with inwardly curved thrust ends a positioned to engage the end of the thrust bearing 29 opposite to the yoke 30. Also the inertia members 80 are provided with extensions 50b adapted to engage a stop ring 58 on the shaft 28 to limit the extent of outward movement of the fiy weights or inertia members under the influence of'centrifugaliorce. The shaft 20 is extended through the housing'26 and to the end of this shaft is keyed a bevel gear 59 adapted to be driven through suitable gearing mechanism from the crankshaft or drive shaft of the engine.

From the foregoing construction it will be seen that during rotation of the shaft 28 consequent to the operation of the engine the fly weights or inertia members 60 will tend to swing outwardly abouttheir pivotal axes 56 under the influence of centrifugal force. As the members 5!) swing outwardly the thrust ends 600. thereof exert an endwise or longitudinal force against the end of the thrust bearing 29, which force is resisted by the effort of the spring 55 transmitted through fork 32a to the yoke 30 which bears against the opposite end of the thrust bearing 29. Thus, the tendency of the inertia members 50 to move out-e wardly under centrifugal force and shift the thrust bearing 29 to the right in Figs. 4 and 6 is resisted by the spring 55, and it will be understood that when the inertia members 50 are in their neutral positions, as illustrated in full lines in Fig. 4, the opposing efforts exerted by the inertia members 60 and the spring 55 willbe balanced and the slide valve will then occupy substantially the position illustrated in Fig. 4.

In the event the predetermined speed of the engine is exceeded the effort exerted by the inertia members 60 will then exceed the resistance of the spring 55 and hence the inertia members 9 will shift the thrust bearing 29 t0 the right in 32 to shift the slide valve, 33 to the left in Fig. 4.

This movement of the yoke, if suflicient, will shift the valve portion 35 to uncover the passage 45 whereupon oilunder pressure from the hydraulic pump through pipe-line 42 will now through port 40, chamber 31, passage 46, conduit 23, and passage 25 into the vane chamber i5 at the righthand side thereof, as viewed in Fig. 1, thus forc- I ing the vane l9 toward the dotted line position shown in Fig. 1. This movement of the vane l3 will rotate or turn the butterfly throttle valve shaft i4 and move the butterfly valve toward its. closedposition, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2. action will reduce the speed of the engine by throttling down the mixture flowing through intake passage Conversely, if the speed of the engine is reduced below the allowable speed range predeterminedby the setting of the governor, the effort of the spring 55 will exceed the centrifugal force acting upon the inertia members 60 thereby moving the fork 32a to the right, as viewed in Fig. 6, and

' consequently swinging the yoke 30 to shift thev thrust bearing 29 to the left, as viewed in Fig. 4.

Movement of the thrust bearing in this direction: against the thrust ends 65a of the inertia mam-- bers will swing these members toward the'thrust bearing as indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 4:

Movement of the yoke in this direction, under the influence of the spring 55, will shift the slide valve 7 33.to the right in Fig. 4 causing the valve portion I v 55 to closeoff the passage 45 and the valve per-.

tion. to Iuncover'. the assage 44. Hydraulic the passage 44, through conduit 20 and enter the chamber withinthe casing through the passage 22 thereby shifting the vane l9 toward the right in Fig. 1. This movement of the vane I9 will swing the throttle valve it toward open position thereby permitting an increased flow of mixture through the intake passage I l and resulting in an increase in the speed of the engine. It will be understood that when the vane i9 is shiftedtoward the right in Fig. 1 oil will be exhausted from this side of the vane through passage 25, pipe-line 23, passages 46 and it into the return line 49. Conversely, when the vane i9 is shifted to the left in Fig. 1 oil will be exhausted from this side of the vane through passage 22, pipe-line 20, passages 44 and i? into the return line as. It will also be understood that when the slide valve 33 is shifted to the right to connect passage 44 to the pressure line 42 the valve portion 35 will uncover passage 46 permitting'communication between this passage and the passage 48 into the return line 49. Conversely, when the, slide valve 33 is shifted to the left to connect passage 46 with the pressure line 42 the passage 44 will be uncovered by valve portion 36 to effect communication through passage 41 with the return line 49.

I claim:

1. A governor for an internal combustion'engine having a butterfly valve in the intake passage thereof, comprising a chamber having an oscillatable vane connected to said valve, a pair of conduits communicating with said chamber at opposite side's of the vane, a main conduit connected to a source of hydraulic pressure, a valve shiftable to connect said main conduit selectively with said first named conduits, a spring device, a bifurcated member having a part connected to the valve and a part connected to the spring device, said member being constantly urged in one direction by the spring, and centrifugally operated means acting against said member to urge it in the opposite direction.

2. In a governing mechanism for an internal combustion engine having a butterfly throttle, valve, 9, rock shaft carrying said valve, a pressure chamber having an oscillatable vane connected to said shaft for turning the same, means for introducing fluid pressure into the chamber at opposite sides of the vane to oscillatethe same, valve means for controlling said last means, centrifugally operated means responsive solely to engine speed changes for shifting said valve means in, one direction, spring means for shifting said valve and operatively connected to the lever for swinging it in the opposite direction.

4. In a governing mechanism for an internal combustion engine having a butterfly throttle valve, a rock shaft carrying said valve, a pressure chamber having an oscillatable vane connected to said shaft for turning the same, a pair of conduits communicating with said chamber at opp site sides of the vane, a main pressure line, a slide valve shiftable in opposite directions for effecting communication selectively between the pressure line and said conduits, a rotary shaft, a thrust bearing slidable' on the shaft, a yoke engaging one end of the bearing, a centrifugally operated device connected to the shaft for rotation therewith and engaging the opposite end of said bearing, a spring operatively connected to one part of the yoke, and a second part of the yoke connected to said valve.

5. In a governing mechanism for an internal combustion engine having a throttle valve, a pressure chamber having a shiftable pressure opercommon means interposed between said valve means in the opposite direction, and a common means interposed between said valve means,

centrifugally operated means and spring means through which said valve means'is shifted opposite directions. I

3. In a governing mechanism for an internal combustion engine having a butterfly throttle valve, arock shaft carrying said valve, a pressure chamber having an oscillatable vane connected to said shaft for turning the same, a pair of conduits communicating with said chamber at opposite sides of the vane, a main pressure line, a slide valve shiftable in opposite directions for effecting communication selectively between the pressure line and said conduits, a swinging lever connected to said valve to shiftit in opposite directions, a spring connected to said lever to swing it in onedirection, and centrifugally actuated means responsive to engine speed changes means, centrifugally operated means and spring means through which said valve means isshifted in opposite directions.

6. In a governing mechanism for an internal combustion engine having a throttle valve, a pressure chamber having a shiftable pressure operated member for ,actuating said valve, a pair of conduits communicating with said chamber at opposite sides of said member, a main pressure line, a slide valve shiftable in opposite directions for effecting communication selectively between the pressure line and said conduits, a swinging lever connected to said valve to shift it in opposite directions, a spring connected to said lever to swing it in one direction, and centrifugally actuated means responsive to engine speed changes and operatively connected to the lever for swinging it in the opposite direction.

7. In a governing mechanism, a pressure chamher having a shiftable pressure operated member therein, a pair of conduits communicating with said chamber at opposite sides of said member, a

main pressure line, a slide valve shiftable in oppoto said lever to swing it in one direction, andcentrifugally actuated means responsive to en- 7 gine speed changes and operatively connected to lectively between the pressure line and said conduits, a rotary shaft, a thrust bearing slidable on the, shaft, a yoke engaging one end ofthe bearing, a centrifugally operated device connected to the shaft for rotation therewith and engaging the opposite end of said bearing. a spring operatively connected to one part of the yoke, and a second part of the yoke connected to said valve.

9. In a governing mechanism, a pressurechamher having 'a shiftable pressure'operated member therein, a pair of conduits communicating with said chamber at opposite sides of said'member, a

main conduit connected to a source of hydraulic pressure, a valve shiftable to connect said main conduit selectively with said first named conduits, a spring device, a bifurcated member having a part connected to the valve and apart connected to the spring device,saidmember being constantly urged in one direction by the spring, and centrifugally operated mean acting, against said memberto urge it in the opposite direction.

- 10. In a governor for an internal combustion engine, a pressure chamber, a. shiftable pressure 7 operated member therein, means for introducing fluid under pressure into said chamber, a slide valve for controlling said means, a swinging lever,

centrifugally operated means connectedto one end of the lever for swinging the same, a spring device, and means for connecting the opposite end of the lever at spaced points to said slide valve and spring device whereby swinging of said lever in one direction by said centrifugally operated meanswill shift said valveand deflect said spring device.

, 11, In a governor for an internal combustion engine, a rotary shaft, oentrifugaliy operated inertia members mounted on the shaft, a swinging lever actuated in one direction by said inertia,

members in response to centrifugal force, said lever having spaced portions, a slide valve connectedvto one portion and a spring connected to the other portion whereby actuation of the lever by said inertia members simultaneously shifts said slide valve'and deflects said spring.

RAYMOND A. WYATT. 

